Wednesday, January 9, 2013
1:42 AM | Posted by
aepsar |
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Jika anak susah makan, tentu sangat meresahkan Ibu. Bukan karena takut anak tidak kenyang dengan asupan makanan, tapi yang di khawatirkan adalah anak tidak mendapatkan asupan gizi yang memadai, sehingga bisa menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, mempengaruhi kecerdasan dan kesehatan anak.
Berikut ini adalah tips mengatasi anak yang mengalami susah makan.
- Berikan perasaan senang pada anak dengan cara memberikan makanan sesuai dengan porsi anak.
- Masak makanan sesuai dengan kemampuan makan anak, misalnya dengan memotong sayuran kecil-kecil dan masak hingga cukup lunak sehingga mudah dikunyah.
- Sajikan makanan secara menarik, misalnya bentuk nasi dengan cetakan kue yang lucu, buat bunga dari wortel dengan buncis sebagai daunnya, atau telur goreng diberi timun sebagai mata dan tomat sebagai mulut, dan sebagainya.
- Aturlah jadwal pemberian makanan selingan atau cemilan di antara waktu makan tiba. Hindari makanan kemasan yang mengandung banyak zat aditif (pewarna, pemanis, penambah rasa buatan, dll). Beri juga cemilan yang sehat seperti potongan buah, keju, yoghurt, cake tanpa obat atau kue yang diolah dengan buah atau wortel, dsb.
- Bila anak sudah mulai bisa memegang sendok, biasakan anak mencoba makan sendiri sejak dini, tanpa disuapi. Jangan takut berantakan, "feeding is about learning". Temani dia dan manfaatkan saat makan untuk mengajari anak. Berikan pujian bila anak sudah bisa menghabiskan makanannya sendiri.
- Ajak anak makan bersama dengan anggota keluarga lainnya, supaya anak mempelajari cara makan orang dewasa
- Anak usia 1 tahun cukup berikan susu 2 gelas sehari, selebihnya berikan nutrisi lain.
- Coba variasikan menu makan anak, Agar anak tidak bosan bisa disiapkan menu makanan untuk satu minggu
- Bila anak sudah cukup besar, ajak anak untuk menyiapkan makanannya, misalnya mengoleskan selai pada roti atau mengajaknya memasak, tentu dengan pengawasan Ibu.
Itulah beberapa tips mengatasi anak susah makan, yang diambil dari website Tara Nature Epa, semoga bermanfaat
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Sunday, April 19, 2009
11:17 PM | Posted by
aepsar |
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Estimated to occur each year 3.2 million deaths or 1 of the 20 deaths due to DM, as stated by Prof.. Dr. dr. Sidartawan Soegondo, Sp.PD-KEMD, FACE. He also added that the average person is a DM for 8-10 years before
diagnosis.
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is a disease degeneratif marked by the increase in blood glucose level is prolonged. This happens because the body can not release or use insulin in an adequate amount. While insulin is a hormone that is released by beta cells pancreas gland, responsible for glucose to enter cells.
What causes Diabetes Mellitus?
Causes Diabetes Mellitus diverse, and based on the causes Diabetes Mellitus is classified as follows:
1. DM type 1 (Insulin Depending DM) occurred because of damage to cells by Beta gland Pankreas autoimun reaction.
2. DM type 2 (DM Depending No Insulin): occurs because insulin resistance and the limited production of insulin by Pankreas gland.
3. Other types of DM, which can occur due to a genetic aberration Pankreas Beta cell function, the genetic aberration of insulin, pancreas disease, hormonal aberration, drugs, chemical substances, infection, immunology for the rare, and the other syndrome.
4. Gestational DM (DMG): a hormonal imbalance occurs because during pregnancy, so that increased blood glucose level.
Risk factors Diabetes Mellitus:
Age> 45 years. (Yes / No)
Having family members with DM. (Yes / No)
Had delivered a baby with birth weight> 4kg. (Yes / No)
Have low birth weight <2.5 kg. (Yes / No)
Been or are currently experiencing hypertension. (Yes / No)
Been or are currently experiencing a high cholesterol level interference. (Yes / No)
Body weight above normal (overweight). (Yes / No)
Rarely or even never exercise. (Yes / No)
Menu foods high fiber low sugar. (Yes / No)
The more yes answers, the higher the risk of Diabetes Mellitus fell ill.
Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms divided up:
• classic symptoms:
- berkemih Often, especially at night (Poliuri).
- Often feel thirsty (Polidipsi).
- often feel hungry (Polifagi).
- Decrease body weight that is not clear is why.
• Other symptoms: weak body, pins, itching, blurred vision, disturbances ereksi on men, itching in the area of femininity, wound infection or a long recovery.
The process of the occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus:
Diabetes occurs because Melitus damage pancreas beta cells. Distinguish the type of disease is the process of travel:
• Type 1 DM (<10%):
DM type is called insulin dependent DM, because of the absence of insulin in the body, so that the patient is highly dependent on the delivery of insulin from the outside of the body.
- The process started from the inflammation of a gland cell Pankreas due to various things, such as rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes, and coxsackie, which cause a reaction autoimun (the failure of immune system cells to identify the body, so that the cell body as a substance / material that must be destroyed foreign) .
- As a result, the beta cells also participate in pancreas gland was damaged, so it can not produce insulin hormone. There type 1 DM.
• DM type 2:
DM DM called this type that does not depend on insulin, because the pancreas beta cells can still produce insulin, although limited in number.
- The first phase: first muscle cells, fat cells and liver cells become less sensitive to insulin, meaning that more insulin is required to enter the glucose from the blood into cells (insulin resistance). This spur the pancreas to produce more insulin to overcome the ketidakpekaan cell line.
- Phase two: in line with the time, the cells of the insulin ketidakpekaan getting worse, while on the other hand the ability to produce insulin in the pancreas weakened. At this phase there is ketidaknormalan results of the examination of blood glucose (blood sugar fasting and 2 hours after fasting).
- third phase: the more severe insulin resistance, and / or insulin production by the pancreas decreases. There Type 2 Diabetes.
diagnosis.
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is a disease degeneratif marked by the increase in blood glucose level is prolonged. This happens because the body can not release or use insulin in an adequate amount. While insulin is a hormone that is released by beta cells pancreas gland, responsible for glucose to enter cells.
What causes Diabetes Mellitus?
Causes Diabetes Mellitus diverse, and based on the causes Diabetes Mellitus is classified as follows:
1. DM type 1 (Insulin Depending DM) occurred because of damage to cells by Beta gland Pankreas autoimun reaction.
2. DM type 2 (DM Depending No Insulin): occurs because insulin resistance and the limited production of insulin by Pankreas gland.
3. Other types of DM, which can occur due to a genetic aberration Pankreas Beta cell function, the genetic aberration of insulin, pancreas disease, hormonal aberration, drugs, chemical substances, infection, immunology for the rare, and the other syndrome.
4. Gestational DM (DMG): a hormonal imbalance occurs because during pregnancy, so that increased blood glucose level.
Risk factors Diabetes Mellitus:
Age> 45 years. (Yes / No)
Having family members with DM. (Yes / No)
Had delivered a baby with birth weight> 4kg. (Yes / No)
Have low birth weight <2.5 kg. (Yes / No)
Been or are currently experiencing hypertension. (Yes / No)
Been or are currently experiencing a high cholesterol level interference. (Yes / No)
Body weight above normal (overweight). (Yes / No)
Rarely or even never exercise. (Yes / No)
Menu foods high fiber low sugar. (Yes / No)
The more yes answers, the higher the risk of Diabetes Mellitus fell ill.
Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms divided up:
• classic symptoms:
- berkemih Often, especially at night (Poliuri).
- Often feel thirsty (Polidipsi).
- often feel hungry (Polifagi).
- Decrease body weight that is not clear is why.
• Other symptoms: weak body, pins, itching, blurred vision, disturbances ereksi on men, itching in the area of femininity, wound infection or a long recovery.
The process of the occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus:
Diabetes occurs because Melitus damage pancreas beta cells. Distinguish the type of disease is the process of travel:
• Type 1 DM (<10%):
DM type is called insulin dependent DM, because of the absence of insulin in the body, so that the patient is highly dependent on the delivery of insulin from the outside of the body.
- The process started from the inflammation of a gland cell Pankreas due to various things, such as rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes, and coxsackie, which cause a reaction autoimun (the failure of immune system cells to identify the body, so that the cell body as a substance / material that must be destroyed foreign) .
- As a result, the beta cells also participate in pancreas gland was damaged, so it can not produce insulin hormone. There type 1 DM.
• DM type 2:
DM DM called this type that does not depend on insulin, because the pancreas beta cells can still produce insulin, although limited in number.
- The first phase: first muscle cells, fat cells and liver cells become less sensitive to insulin, meaning that more insulin is required to enter the glucose from the blood into cells (insulin resistance). This spur the pancreas to produce more insulin to overcome the ketidakpekaan cell line.
- Phase two: in line with the time, the cells of the insulin ketidakpekaan getting worse, while on the other hand the ability to produce insulin in the pancreas weakened. At this phase there is ketidaknormalan results of the examination of blood glucose (blood sugar fasting and 2 hours after fasting).
- third phase: the more severe insulin resistance, and / or insulin production by the pancreas decreases. There Type 2 Diabetes.
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